Department profile · Hudson County
Jersey City Police Department
Reported as: Jersey City PDMunicipal police
Jurisdiction context
Civil service jurisdiction
Discipline at this department is governed by the Title 4A civil service framework, matched to Jersey City on the New Jersey Civil Service Commission roster.
Read how the process works or the Title 4A glossary. Browse NJCSNavigator’s civil service jurisdiction directory for the full local-jurisdiction roster.
Reflects the NJCSC Appendix A roster as of 2026-07-04. Context only, not legal advice.
Radio encryption
Jersey City Police Department encrypts its radio communications (P25 AES-256, all operations), according to PoliceRadioEncryption.com, as of 2026-04-21 (unverified).
In brief
Jersey City Police Department, municipal police in Hudson County, logged 445 internal affairs investigations in 2025 involving 303 officers named in those cases. Its rate of 146.9 per 100 officers exceeds the Hudson County median of 138.9 and the 125.9 municipal median. That margin can reflect more misconduct or a department that documents a larger share of the complaints brought against its officers. Of the 445 investigations detailed for 2025, 181 reported sustained complaints. Other Departmental Rule Violation was the leading allegation category, with BWC/MVR Violation and Demeanor also prominent.
Ninety-two major discipline records appear across the 2020-2025 releases, in every year from 2020 through 2025, including 13 terminations. Jersey City received a D on the report card, at the 77th percentile among 93 peers in the 60+ officers group, a high-confidence grade.
Written by this site strictly from the figures on this page; every number is cited below.
Officers named in IA cases, 2025
303[1]
Distinct officers in that year's IA investigations, not total staffing
IA investigations, 2025
445[1]
Incidents, 2025
346[1]
Major discipline records
92
All years, 2020-2025
Staffing
As reported by the department to the FBI's Law Enforcement Employees (LEE) census, full-time personnel as of October 31 each year. This is a different measurement from the "officers named in IA cases" figure above; see the methodology.
Sworn officers, 2025
799[8]
66 years reported
| Year | sworn officers |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 845 |
| 1961 | 835 |
| 1962 | 1,071 |
| 1963 | 846 |
| 1964 | 839 |
| 1965 | 828 |
| 1966 | 825 |
| 1967 | 860 |
| 1968 | 859 |
| 1969 | 855 |
| 1970 | 880 |
| 1971 | 887 |
| 1972 | 897 |
| 1973 | 1,041 |
| 1974 | 1,013 |
| 1975 | 981 |
| 1976 | 998 |
| 1977 | 961 |
| 1978 | 884 |
| 1979 | 944 |
| 1980 | 926 |
| 1981 | 981 |
| 1982 | 943 |
| 1983 | 908 |
| 1984 | 884 |
| 1985 | 920 |
| 1986 | 896 |
| 1987 | 878 |
| 1988 | 896 |
| 1989 | 938 |
| 1990 | 916 |
| 1991 | 808 |
| 1992 | 832 |
| 1993 | 821 |
| 1994 | 764 |
| 1995 | 851 |
| 1996 | 839 |
| 1997 | 858 |
| 1998 | 866 |
| 1999 | 899 |
| 2000 | 871 |
| 2001 | 839 |
| 2002 | 826 |
| 2003 | 806 |
| 2004 | 813 |
| 2005 | 838 |
| 2006 | 870 |
| 2007 | 902 |
| 2008 | 885 |
| 2009 | 885 |
| 2010 | 831 |
| 2011 | 806 |
| 2012 | 798 |
| 2013 | 770 |
| 2014 | 790 |
| 2015 | 814 |
| 2016 | 865 |
| 2017 | 890 |
| 2018 | 886 |
| 2019 | 1,005 |
| 2020 | 1,005 |
| 2021 | 934 |
| 2022 | 921 |
| 2023 | 913 |
| 2024 | 836 |
| 2025 | 799 |
How Jersey City Police Department's sworn staffing compares with its real peer group (same agency type, similar size band), not an assumed bell curve.
Peer group: Municipal police, 60+ officers (n=92)
| Range | Agencies |
|---|---|
| 0–200 | 85 |
| 200–400 | 5 |
| 400–600 | 1 |
| 600–800 | 0 |
| 800–1000 | 0 |
| 1000–1200 | 1 |
Jersey City Police Department: 799 sworn officers: 98th percentile among Municipal police, 60+ officers (n=92).
The match between this FBI record and this department is this site's inference, not a certified mapping. If it is wrong, we will remove it: corrections.
Officer pay and school-staff pay
County comparisonA separate dataset from the discipline records above: NJ Treasury pension salaries as of March 31, 2026, for the 790 active Jersey City Police Department officers in the file.
Median local school staff
$113,930
JERSEY CITY PUBLIC SCHOOLS, 2,689 TPAF members
Against the local district
1.00x
Median officer to median local school staff
Against the county
1.22x
Median officer to Hudson County school-staff median
Military surplus equipment (1033 program)
In brief
Written by this site from the figures below.
Jersey City Police Department received 161 recorded line items of surplus military equipment between 2003 and 2018. The total recorded value is $77,145, a figure in original Department of Defense acquisition cost rather than current or market value, and the transfers are dominated by small arms: Guns, through 30mm accounts for $74,425, with Optical sighting and ranging equipment at $2,720. All of the recorded value falls into categories this site classes as tactical. These are transfers the department received over time, not a current inventory, and non-controlled items may be disposed of after one year. Receiving surplus equipment through the federal program is not misconduct, and this data is separate in origin from the Attorney General discipline records on this page.
Surplus military equipment transferred to this agency under the Defense Department's 1033 program, as recorded by the Defense Logistics Agency.
Quantities received, by unit of issue: 168 items (Each). Units of issue differ (an item and a kit are not the same thing), so no single combined item count exists.
Top categories by recorded value
| Guns, through 30mm | 74,425 tactical |
|---|---|
| Optical sighting and ranging equipment | 2,720 tactical |
Categories received: tactical vs mundane
Each category is classed tactical or mundane by this site's published classification of its Federal Supply Class. Much of what moves through the program is mundane surplus (tools, office and medical equipment); the tactical rows are what the Militarization Index below measures.
Every recorded transfer
Equipment class
Sort
Filtering only hides rows; every recorded transfer stays in the table below it.
Scroll sideways for more columns →
161 of 161 recorded transfers shown. Quantities are per unit of issue and are never summed across units. DEMIL code A: non-controlled property, may be disposed of after one year (so a listed item is not necessarily still held). Codes such as C, D, F, and Q: controlled property with federal return or demilitarization requirements.
Jersey City Police Department received $97 of tactical 1033 equipment value per sworn officer (original cost, divided by its latest FBI-reported staffing): the 59th percentile among municipal police agencies of similar size (60+ officers, n=93).
Peer group: Municipal police, 60+ officers (n=93)
| Range | Agencies |
|---|---|
| 0–5000 | 75 |
| 5000–10000 | 9 |
| 10000–15000 | 6 |
| 15000–20000 | 2 |
Jersey City Police Department: 97 dollars of tactical 1033 acquisition value per sworn officer: 59th percentile among Municipal police, 60+ officers (n=93).
A higher index is not automatically worse. It divides cumulative transfers over the covered window by current staffing, so it measures how intensively an agency has participated in the program, not what it holds today. See the methodology.
Statewide totals, per-county rollups, and the top categories across all of New Jersey are on the 1033 program overview.
Internal affairs investigations by year
counts
| Category | counts |
|---|---|
| 2021 | 273 |
| 2022 | 410 |
| 2023 | 561 |
| 2024 | 652 |
| 2025 | 445 |
Incidents
346 in 2025
| Year | counts |
|---|---|
| 2021 | 176 |
| 2022 | 277 |
| 2023 | 364 |
| 2024 | 422 |
| 2025 | 346 |
Officers on IA rows
438 in 2025
| Year | counts |
|---|---|
| 2021 | not reported |
| 2022 | not reported |
| 2023 | not reported |
| 2024 | 645 |
| 2025 | 438 |
Computed by this site from the two figures the agency reports each year. Not a misconduct rate: it describes how an agency resolved what it investigated.
share of total · 5 reported years
| Year | share of total |
|---|---|
| 2021 | 0 |
| 2022 | 17.317 |
| 2023 | 26.203 |
| 2024 | 30.828 |
| 2025 | 40.674 |
Statewide, 19.5 percent of investigations reported a sustained complaint in 2025. How dispositions break down statewide.
Complaint mix, 2025
Most serious allegation per investigation, as categorized by the reporting agency. Officer-level rows list 438 officers involved.
Most serious allegation
| Other Departmental Rule Violation | 149 |
|---|---|
| BWC/MVR Violation | 106 |
| Demeanor | 42 |
| Attendance issues | 39 |
| Excessive Force | 31 |
| Neglect of Duty | 24 |
| Improper Arrest | 8 |
| Theft | 7 |
Statewide category pages: Other Departmental Rule Violation · BWC/MVR Violation · Demeanor · Attendance issues · Excessive Force · Neglect of Duty · Improper Arrest · Theft
Internal disposition
| not provided | 193 |
|---|---|
| Sustained | 181 |
| Exonerated | 49 |
| Unfounded | 16 |
| Not Sustained | 6 |
Allegations by year, 2021 to 2025
Other Departmental Rule Violation
691 of 2,341
| Year | counts |
|---|---|
| 2021 | 139 |
| 2022 | 122 |
| 2023 | 138 |
| 2024 | 143 |
| 2025 | 149 |
Demeanor
271 of 2,341
| Year | counts |
|---|---|
| 2021 | 35 |
| 2022 | 51 |
| 2023 | 70 |
| 2024 | 73 |
| 2025 | 42 |
Excessive Force
214 of 2,341
| Year | counts |
|---|---|
| 2021 | 25 |
| 2022 | 30 |
| 2023 | 60 |
| 2024 | 68 |
| 2025 | 31 |
BWC/MVR Violation
200 of 2,341
| Year | counts |
|---|---|
| 2021 | 0 |
| 2022 | 5 |
| 2023 | 11 |
| 2024 | 78 |
| 2025 | 106 |
Other (26 categories)
965 of 2,341
| Year | counts |
|---|---|
| 2021 | 74 |
| 2022 | 202 |
| 2023 | 282 |
| 2024 | 290 |
| 2025 | 117 |
Against peers, 2025
How this grade was built →| Jersey City Police Department | 146.9 |
|---|---|
| County median, municipal police (13) | 138.9 |
| NJ median, municipal police (445) | 125.9 |
Investigations per 100 officers named in that year's IA investigations (the Attorney General's own "Number of Officers" field, a distinct-officer count drawn from the IA case data itself, not a department headcount). A higher number is ambiguous on its own: it can reflect more misconduct, or a stronger internal reporting culture. Medians are computed within the same agency type only.
445 investigations reported for 2025[1] ÷ 799 sworn officers the department reported to the FBI for 2025[23] = 55.7 per 100 FBI-reported sworn officers. This is a genuinely different denominator from the rate above, not a correction of it; the two should not be added or averaged together. See the methodology for why these two officer counts diverge.
Report card
Grade D: Second-highest fifth
On reported IA volume and discipline severity; see methodology
- Combined standing
- 77th percentile of 93 peers
- Confidence
- High confidence
Where this agency falls among its peers
The actual spread of discipline severity across Jersey City Police Department's real peer group, not an assumed bell curve. If the group is skewed, it is shown skewed.
Peer group: Municipal police, 60+ officers (n=93)
| Range | Agencies |
|---|---|
| 0–50 | 66 |
| 50–100 | 25 |
| 100–150 | 1 |
| 150–200 | 1 |
Jersey City Police Department: 58.987 severity-weighted discipline per 100 IA-investigated officers: 80th percentile among Municipal police, 60+ officers (n=93).
How the grade is built
Three components, each a percentile within the peer group. The combined standing is their weighted mean, re-ranked among peers; the grade is the fifth of the peer group it lands in.
IA volumeweight 40%
129.6 investigations per 100 officers (multi-year mean)
Internal affairs investigations per 100 reported officers, averaged over the years where the agency reported both figures.
Discipline severityweight 40%
59.0 severity-weighted discipline per 100 officers, 2020-2025
Major discipline records weighted by sanction (termination 4, demotion 3, suspension 2, other 1) per 100 officers.
Allegation severityweight 20%
2.11 mean severity tier (1 low - 4 critical)
Mean severity tier of IA allegations across 2021-2025, using the published tier map; unknown values excluded.
What this grade can and can't tell you
- The underlying data is self-reported by agencies, one yearly snapshot at a time.
- Allegations are not findings; many complaints end unfounded, exonerated, or not sustained.
- There is no arrest or call-volume denominator in this data, so nothing here is a per-capita misconduct rate. A genuinely independent staffing-based rate, sourced from the FBI rather than this grade's own data, appears above when available. It is a different measurement, not a more accurate version of the grade.
- A higher internal affairs volume is ambiguous: it can indicate more misconduct, or a more robust oversight and reporting culture. The grade weighs it anyway, because volume is what the record offers; that choice is published, not hidden.
- The grade is one lens. The records it reads are on this page above.
Where this agency ranks
| Metric | Value | Rank |
|---|---|---|
| IA per 100 investigated officers2025 | 146.9 | 126th of 445 municipal police |
| IA investigations2025 | 445 | 4th of 445 municipal police |
| IA incidents2025 | 346 | 3rd of 445 municipal police |
| Major discipline2020-2025 | 92 | 1st of 282 municipal police |
| Terminations2020-2025 | 13 | 1st of 111 municipal police |
| Militarization Indexas of 2026-06-30 | $97 | 135th of 163 municipal police |
| Sworn per 1,000 residentslatest reported census year | 2.62 | 175th of 460 municipal police |
| Police pay vs school paypension snapshot 2026-03-31 | 1.22x | 292nd of 415 municipal police |
| OPRA requests recordedOPRAmachine, 2017 to present | 111 | 5th of 458 municipal police |
Major discipline records
| Year | major discipline records |
|---|---|
| 2020 | 7 |
| 2021 | 16 |
| 2022 | 10 |
| 2023 | 14 |
| 2024 | 24 |
| 2025 | 21 |
21 major discipline records in 2025, up from 7 in 2020 (+200%).
Every name links to the officer's record page with the agency's full synopsis and citation.
Fatal encounters recorded involving this agency
From the independent Fatal Encounters dataset, 2000-2021
In brief (written by this site from the records below)
Twenty records in the Fatal Encounters dataset name Jersey City Police Department, in years from 2000 through 2019. The as-recorded level of force is listed as Gunshot in sixteen of them and Vehicle in four. Fatal Encounters was an independent, crowdsourced journalism project that logged deaths occurring during police encounters of any kind, a category that takes in vehicle pursuits and crashes, deaths by suicide in police presence, and medical emergencies. A record is not a finding of fault, and inclusion here reflects only that the agency is named in the record's as-reported agency field. The project stopped collecting in December 2021, so the dataset is frozen at that date and the years after the last record reflect the end of collection.
Fatal Encounters is an independent, crowdsourced dataset that documented deaths during police encounters nationwide from 2000 until its collection ended in December 2021.[4] It records all deaths that occurred during a police encounter of any kind: vehicle pursuits, suicides in police presence, and medical emergencies are included alongside uses of force. A record appears here because Jersey City Police Departmentis named in the record's as-reported agency field. A listing is not a misconduct finding, and it is not connected to the Attorney General discipline records above. See the methodology. Each record links to its own page with the full as-reported details.
- David N. Anderson
December 10, 2019 · Jersey City · Highest level of force as recorded: Gunshot
- Francine Graham
December 10, 2019 · Jersey City · Highest level of force as recorded: Gunshot
- Dante Holden
October 30, 2017 · Newark · Highest level of force as recorded: Gunshot
- Tymyr Wilson
October 30, 2017 · Newark · Highest level of force as recorded: Gunshot
- Samir C. Nicholson
April 29, 2017 · East Orange · Highest level of force as recorded: Gunshot
- Lawrence Campbell
July 13, 2014 · Jersey City · Highest level of force as recorded: Gunshot
- Lavon King
June 24, 2014 · Jersey City · Highest level of force as recorded: Gunshot
- Khalid Bouaiti
March 8, 2013 · Jersey City · Highest level of force as recorded: Gunshot
- Deron Andre' Jerome Kittrell
July 30, 2011 · Jersey City · Highest level of force as recorded: Gunshot
- Joseph Taylor
August 21, 2010 · Jersey City · Highest level of force as recorded: Vehicle
- Martina Brown
July 21, 2009 · Jersey City · Highest level of force as recorded: Gunshot
- Amanda G. Anderson
July 16, 2009 · Jersey City · Highest level of force as recorded: Gunshot
- Hussan Shakur aka Hassan Shakur aka Hassian Hosendove
July 16, 2009 · Jersey City · Highest level of force as recorded: Gunshot
- Markieth Singleton
September 14, 2008 · Jersey City · Highest level of force as recorded: Gunshot
- Jose Carlos Zelaya
January 23, 2007 · Jersey City · Highest level of force as recorded: Vehicle
- Ruth Zelaya
January 23, 2007 · Jersey City · Highest level of force as recorded: Vehicle
- Willoysis M. Shaw
April 15, 2006 · Jersey City · Highest level of force as recorded: Vehicle
- Raymond Looney
December 30, 2004 · Jersey City · Highest level of force as recorded: Gunshot
- Hazel Ayende
October 18, 2000 · Jersey City · Highest level of force as recorded: Gunshot
- Michael Anglin Jr.
January 28, 2000 · Jersey City · Highest level of force as recorded: Gunshot
Public records requests
Records requests about this department filed through OPRAmachine, an independent site that files Open Public Records Act requests in public and publishes the responses.[5] This is a third-party, user-generated source, separate in origin from the Attorney General records elsewhere on this page.
Current as of 12 July 2026. These figures are a point-in-time snapshot and do not update: requests filed to OPRAmachine after that date do not appear here. For live activity, see this body on OPRAmachine.
This department has no separate listing on OPRAmachine. Records requests for it are handled through Jersey City, the municipal records custodian, which also fields requests about permits, property, and code enforcement. Only the 111 requests whose subject line indicates it concerns the police department are counted below. The other 348 filed to Jersey City are about something else and are not shown.
What happened to those requests
Statuses as recorded on OPRAmachine. They are set by the person who filed the request when they classify what came back, not by the agency and not by any court. They describe the fate of a records request and nothing else.
| Awaiting agency response | 80 |
|---|---|
| Requester reported success | 11 |
| Requester reported partial success | 8 |
| Request refused | 3 |
| Withdrawn by requester | 3 |
| Agency said records not held | 3 |
| Under internal review | 2 |
| Delivery error | 1 |
Recent requests
The 12 most recent police-related requests to Jersey City, by date and recorded status. Each was written by a member of the public. A request is a question somebody asked. It is not a finding, not an allegation this site makes, and not evidence that anything happened.
- 2026-06-26Awaiting agency response
- 2026-06-08Requester reported success
- 2026-06-02Awaiting agency response
- 2026-05-28Awaiting agency response
- 2026-05-21Awaiting agency response
- 2026-05-19Awaiting agency response
- 2026-05-15Awaiting agency response
- 2026-04-20Awaiting agency response
- 2026-04-13Awaiting agency response
- 2026-04-08Requester reported success
- 2026-04-06Awaiting agency response
- 2026-03-19Awaiting agency response
Show what each request asked for, as the requester wrote it
These titles are quoted from OPRAmachine exactly as the requester typed them. They are the requester's words, not this site's, and some describe what the requester believed or suspected. Nothing here has been established as fact.
A member of the public requested: “Request for complete arrest and police record from prostitution sting”
2026-06-26 · Awaiting agency response
A member of the public requested: “Body Cam and NJ Transit footage 26-082591”
2026-06-08 · Requester reported success
A member of the public requested: “BWC incident 26-001333 Jersey City PD South”
2026-06-02 · Awaiting agency response
A member of the public requested: “OPRA Request for fire incident report/Fire Incident Report”
2026-05-28 · Awaiting agency response
A member of the public requested: “Armed robbery police report”
2026-05-21 · Awaiting agency response
A member of the public requested: “Body cam footage and dash cam”
2026-05-19 · Awaiting agency response
A member of the public requested: “BWC footage for BWC #351 & BWC #358 on police report case # 25-041273”
2026-05-15 · Awaiting agency response
A member of the public requested: “Police reports related to 1/14/2025 incident”
2026-04-20 · Awaiting agency response
A member of the public requested: “Body-Worn Camera Footage — DWI Arrest of NJ State Senator Sandra Cunningham — Jersey City, NJ — March 4, 2021 Dear Records Custodian,”
2026-04-13 · Awaiting agency response
A member of the public requested: “Body Worn Camera Footage”
2026-04-08 · Requester reported success
A member of the public requested: “Police Investigation”
2026-04-06 · Awaiting agency response
A member of the public requested: “Bodycam Auto Accident 26-019990.”
2026-03-19 · Awaiting agency response
File your own records request
Anyone can request records from this municipality under the Open Public Records Act. This link opens a request on OPRAmachine, pre-filled with a neutral starting point you can edit or replace before you send it. The request, and any response, will be published there.
File an OPRA request about this department
See every request filed to Jersey City on OPRAmachine.
What this section can and can't tell you
- A request is not a finding. Every entry records what a member of the public asked for. None of it establishes that an agency did anything, and none of it is an allegation this site is making.
- Statuses come from the requester, not the agency. On OPRAmachine the person who filed the request classifies the response they got, so “successful” means they said they got what they asked for. It is not the agency's word and not an adjudication.
- Request volume is not a measure of misconduct. A long list usually reflects public interest, local journalism, or one determined requester. A short list usually means few people have asked.
- This covers OPRAmachine only. Most OPRA requests in New Jersey are filed directly with agencies and never appear here, so this is a floor, not a total.
- It is frozen at 12 July 2026. The figures come from a snapshot of OPRAmachine taken on that date and nothing refreshes them, so anything filed since is missing. Treat every number here as a lower bound that is only getting further out of date.
- The count is an undercount, by design. Requests to Jersey City are sorted by subject line, because that custodian also handles permits, property, and code enforcement. A request that is genuinely about the police but carries a vague subject line, and many do read only “OPRA Request,” is not counted here. The sorting is this site's own reading of the request titles, not a fact from the source, and it is deliberately cautious: it would rather miss a police request than show you somebody's building permit.
The match between this OPRAmachine body and this department is this site's inference, not a certified mapping. If it is wrong, we will remove it: corrections.
Questions and answers
What is a summary of Jersey City Police Department's internal affairs and discipline record?
Jersey City Police Department, municipal police in Hudson County, logged 445 internal affairs investigations in 2025 involving 303 officers named in those cases. Its rate of 146.9 per 100 officers exceeds the Hudson County median of 138.9 and the 125.9 municipal median. That margin can reflect more misconduct or a department that documents a larger share of the complaints brought against its officers. Of the 445 investigations detailed for 2025, 181 reported sustained complaints. Other Departmental Rule Violation was the leading allegation category, with BWC/MVR Violation and Demeanor also prominent. Ninety-two major discipline records appear across the 2020-2025 releases, in every year from 2020 through 2025, including 13 terminations. Jersey City received a D on the report card, at the 77th percentile among 93 peers in the 60+ officers group, a high-confidence grade.
How many internal affairs investigations did Jersey City Police Department report in 2025?
Jersey City Police Department reported 445 internal affairs investigations in 2025, according to New Jersey Attorney General data. 303 distinct officers were named in that year's IA investigations.
How many major discipline records does Jersey City Police Department have?
Jersey City Police Department has 92 major discipline records in the Attorney General's 2020-2025 releases, of which 13 were terminations. These are final, adjudicated actions, not allegations.
Does Jersey City Police Department encrypt its radio communications?
According to PoliceRadioEncryption.com, Jersey City Police Department encrypts all of its radio communications (P25 AES-256), as recorded on 2026-04-21. This site treats radio encryption as a transparency signal, which is analysis, not a figure from the discipline data.
How many officers does Jersey City Police Department have?
Jersey City Police Department reported 799 full-time sworn officers to the FBI's Law Enforcement Employees census for 2025, 17.9% of them female. That is 2.62 sworn officers per 1,000 residents. This is a different measurement from the "officers named in IA cases" figure elsewhere on this page, which counts distinct officers in that year's internal affairs investigations, not total staffing.
What military surplus equipment has Jersey City Police Department received through the 1033 program?
Jersey City Police Department received 161 recorded line items of surplus military equipment through the Defense Department's 1033 program between 2003 and 2018, with a total recorded value of $77,145 (original DoD acquisition cost, not current or market value). The largest category by recorded value was: Guns, through 30mm. Transfers are as recorded by the Defense Logistics Agency as of 2026-06-30; equipment acquired through the program is not necessarily still held.
What is the total recorded value of the 1033 equipment Jersey City Police Department received?
The surplus equipment recorded for Jersey City Police Department under the 1033 program totals $77,145 in original DoD acquisition cost, of which $77,145 is in categories this site classes as tactical (161 of 161 line items). These are original-cost figures at the time of transfer, not current or market value.
How many deaths during police encounters are recorded for Jersey City Police Department?
The independent Fatal Encounters dataset contains 20 records naming Jersey City Police Department, from 2000 through 2019. Fatal Encounters is a crowdsourced journalism project, not a government source, and it documented deaths that occurred during police encounters of any kind. Each record links to a page showing it exactly as the project recorded it.
What does Jersey City Police Department pay its officers compared with local school staff?
The median pensionable salary for the 790 active Jersey City Police Department officers in the NJ Treasury pension file is $114,293. The median for the 2,689 TPAF-enrolled staff at JERSEY CITY PUBLIC SCHOOLS is $113,930, a ratio of 1.00x. Against the Hudson County school-staff median the ratio is 1.22x. These are pensionable base salaries: they exclude overtime, stipends, longevity and leave payouts for both groups, and a school contract year and a police work year are different lengths. TPAF covers certificated school staff, not only classroom teachers.
Sources
- [1]New Jersey Internal Affairs Agency Totals, 2021-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Sheet1", row 2263. Snapshot retrieved 2026-06-09. ↩
- [2]DoD 1033 Program transfers (LESO Public Information), New Jersey sheet. Defense Logistics Agency (U.S. Department of Defense). LESO Public Information: DISP_AllStatesAndTerritories, quarterly file as of 2026-06-30; recorded ship dates 1993-2026. Retrieved 2026-07-10. https://www.dla.mil/Disposition-Services/Offers/Law-Enforcement/Public-Information/ ↩
- [3]YourMoney Active Pension Members (PFRS/SPRS subset) and YourMoney Active Pension Members (TPAF subset, names removed). New Jersey Department of the Treasury. Both snapshots as of March 31, 2026. Derived from the public YourMoney Active Pension Members dataset, https://www.yourmoney.nj.gov/. Figures are computed by this site from as-reported pensionable salaries; the row-by-row account of what entered each figure is published at /data/pay-comparison.json. ↩
- [4]Fatal Encounters, New Jersey subset. Fatal Encounters (fatalencounters.org). Fatal Encounters national dataset (2000-2021); collection ended December 2021. Retrieved 2026-07-10. https://fatalencounters.org/ ↩
- [5]Records-request activity for Jersey City. OPRAmachine (opramachine.com), an independent public-records platform. Publicly visible requests only. Point-in-time snapshot taken 2026-07-12 from a database export dated 2026-07-11. Not updated after that date; see opramachine.com for current activity. ↩
- [6]New Jersey Internal Affairs Officers, 2024-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Officer counts summed across every Jersey City PD row. Snapshot retrieved 2026-06-09. ↩
- [7]New Jersey county boundaries. New Jersey Office of Information Technology, Office of GIS (NJOGIS). NJ_Counties_3857 (FeatureServer layer 0), https://services2.arcgis.com/XVOqAjTOJ5P6ngMu/arcgis/rest/services/NJ_Counties_3857/FeatureServer/0. 2020 boundary delineation. Retrieved 2026-07-27. Boundaries are generalized for display. This data set is not a survey document and must not be used as such. The polygons do not represent legal boundaries.
- [8]FBI Law Enforcement Employees (LEE), New Jersey subset. Federal Bureau of Investigation. Row 8343. Derived from the public Law Enforcement Employees (LEE) / Police Employee Data dataset (1960-2025), https://cde.ucr.cjis.gov/. ↩
- [9]FBI Law Enforcement Employees (LEE), New Jersey subset. Federal Bureau of Investigation. Row 8343. Derived from the public Law Enforcement Employees (LEE) / Police Employee Data dataset (1960-2025), https://cde.ucr.cjis.gov/. ↩
- [10]FBI Law Enforcement Employees (LEE), New Jersey subset. Federal Bureau of Investigation. Row 8343. Derived from the public Law Enforcement Employees (LEE) / Police Employee Data dataset (1960-2025), https://cde.ucr.cjis.gov/. ↩
- [11]FBI Law Enforcement Employees (LEE), New Jersey subset. Federal Bureau of Investigation. Row 8343. Derived from the public Law Enforcement Employees (LEE) / Police Employee Data dataset (1960-2025), https://cde.ucr.cjis.gov/. ↩
- [12]New Jersey Internal Affairs Agency Totals, 2021-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Sheet1", row 232. Snapshot retrieved 2026-06-09. ↩
- [13]New Jersey Internal Affairs Agency Totals, 2021-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Sheet1", row 1249. Snapshot retrieved 2026-06-09. ↩
- [14]New Jersey Internal Affairs Agency Totals, 2021-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Sheet1", row 1756. Snapshot retrieved 2026-06-09. ↩
- [15]New Jersey Internal Affairs Agency Totals, 2021-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Sheet1", row 740. Snapshot retrieved 2026-06-09. ↩
- [16]New Jersey Internal Affairs Agency Totals, 2021-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Sheet1", row 2263. Snapshot retrieved 2026-06-09. ↩
- [17]New Jersey Internal Affairs Investigations, 2024-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Sheet1", row 1. Snapshot retrieved 2026-06-09. Aggregated from every Jersey City PD row for 2025; row 1 is the header. ↩
- [18]New Jersey Internal Affairs Data Download, 2021-2023. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Sheet1", row 1. Snapshot retrieved 2026-06-09. Aggregated from every Jersey City PD row for 2021. ↩
- [19]New Jersey Internal Affairs Data Download, 2021-2023. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Sheet1", row 1. Snapshot retrieved 2026-06-09. Aggregated from every Jersey City PD row for 2022. ↩
- [20]New Jersey Internal Affairs Data Download, 2021-2023. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Sheet1", row 1. Snapshot retrieved 2026-06-09. Aggregated from every Jersey City PD row for 2023. ↩
- [21]New Jersey Internal Affairs Investigations, 2024-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Sheet1", row 1. Snapshot retrieved 2026-06-09. Aggregated from every Jersey City PD row for 2024. ↩
- [22]New Jersey Internal Affairs Investigations, 2024-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Sheet1", row 1. Snapshot retrieved 2026-06-09. Aggregated from every Jersey City PD row for 2025. ↩
- [23]FBI Law Enforcement Employees (LEE), New Jersey subset. Federal Bureau of Investigation. Row 8343. Derived from the public Law Enforcement Employees (LEE) / Police Employee Data dataset (1960-2025), https://cde.ucr.cjis.gov/. ↩
- [24]Ranks computed by this site over the Attorney General internal affairs agency totals and major discipline releases, within agency type. Each ranking page lists every agency and its source rows. ↩
- [25]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 373. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [26]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 374. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [27]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 375. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [28]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 376. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [29]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 377. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [30]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 378. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [31]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 379. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [32]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 380. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [33]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 381. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [34]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 382. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [35]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 383. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [36]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 384. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [37]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 385. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [38]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 386. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [39]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 387. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [40]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 388. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [41]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 389. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [42]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 390. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [43]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 391. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [44]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 392. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [45]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 393. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [46]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 1104. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [47]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 1105. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [48]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 1106. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [49]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 1107. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [50]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 1108. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [51]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 1109. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [52]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 1110. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [53]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 1111. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [54]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 1112. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [55]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 1113. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [56]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 1114. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [57]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 1115. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [58]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 1116. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [59]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 1117. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [60]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 1118. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [61]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 1119. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [62]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 1120. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [63]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 1121. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [64]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 1122. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [65]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 1123. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [66]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 1124. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [67]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 1125. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [68]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 1126. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [69]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 1127. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [70]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 1728. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [71]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 1729. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [72]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 1730. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [73]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 1731. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [74]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 1732. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [75]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 1733. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [76]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 1734. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [77]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 1735. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [78]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 1736. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [79]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 1737. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [80]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 1738. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [81]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 1739. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [82]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 1740. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [83]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 1741. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [84]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 2205. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [85]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 2206. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [86]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 2207. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [87]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 2208. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [88]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 2209. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [89]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 2210. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [90]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 2211. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [91]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 2212. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [92]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 2213. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [93]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 2214. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [94]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 2581. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [95]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 2582. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [96]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 2583. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [97]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 2584. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [98]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 2585. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [99]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 2586. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [100]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 2587. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [101]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 2588. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [102]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 2589. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [103]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 2590. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [104]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 2591. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [105]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 2592. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [106]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 2593. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [107]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 2594. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [108]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 2595. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [109]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 2596. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [110]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 2865. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [111]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 2866. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [112]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 2867. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [113]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 2868. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [114]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 2869. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [115]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 2870. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩
- [116]New Jersey Major Discipline Data, 2020-2025. New Jersey Office of the Attorney General. Sheet "Major Discipline Data", row 2871. Snapshot retrieved 2026-07-03. ↩